Wednesday, January 29, 2020
Result of Evas Story Essay Example for Free
Result of Evas Story Essay ohn Boynton Priestley was born in 1894 and died in 1984. He was famous for contemplating science and philosophy, and wrote many plays to put forward his socialist views. An Inspector Calls was one of these, and is about a wealthy upper-middle class family, the Birlings, and how their views on living change as a result of a visit from an inspector. The main characters are the Birlings, Inspector Goole and Eva Smith. Arthur Birling is a successful businessman; his wife, Sybil, is very pretentious; and their rather peculiar son, Eric, is an alcoholic. Erics sister, Sheila, has recently engaged to Gerald Croft, a gentleman of a slightly higher social class than the Birlings Mr. Birling feels a little inferior because of this. We do not know a lot about the Inspector he is given an air of mystery and importance but it is possible that he could be an apparition of some kind or perhaps a figure to represent Priestleys own views. Eva Smith is an absent character who nevertheless plays a huge part in the storyline. The play takes place solely in the dining room of the Birlings house, which is heavily comfortable but not homelike. This unified setting is beneficial in many ways. One thing is that it lowers the costs and requirements of the production of the play, meaning that it can be performed in a wider variety of settings and therefore be shown to more people. In addition, the audience will focus on the actors and the plot rather than the set so much if it does not keep changing, which helps retain attention to the play. The play begins as Gerald Croft and the Birlings are celebrating as a family Sheila Birling and Geralds engagement, when the evening is interrupted by the arrival of Inspector Goole. The Inspector tells them the story of the tragic suicide of a young girl, whose name is Eva Smith, but she calls herself Daisy Renton after Mr. Birling sacks her, as an attempt to make a fresh start. He forces them to see how each of the people present contributed to her taking her own life by swallowing disinfectant. Gradually, he picks away at the protective, self-satisfied shell that the Birlings have built up around themselves, and eventually manages to pull apart the whole sense of the family. He then exits, leaving them to blame each other and argue amongst themselves. The play was written in 1945 but is set in 1912. I think this is to emphasise the point that rich people are not always right, as Mr. Birling in particular makes several predictions that we, as the audience, know to be incorrect. For example, he says, Youll hear some people say that wars inevitable. And to that I say fiddlesticks! and There isnt a chance of war. However, we know that two years later, WWI began. He speculates about Sheila and Geralds future In twenty or thirty years time lets say, in 1940 you may be giving a little party like this your son or daughter might be getting engaged and I tell you, by that time youll be living in a world thatll have forgotten all these silly war scares. This is ironic because in fact in 1940 WWII took place. He also makes predictions about labour struggles when he says, theres a lot of wild talk about possible labour trouble in the near future. Dont worry. Weve passed the worst of it, and the Titanic, as he says, Unsinkable, absolutely unsinkable, both of which we know are wrong. Mr. Birling is confident about all of these predictions, but we know how wrong he is. This is an example of dramatic irony, and I think J.B. Priestley used it to great effect in portraying Mr. Birling as someone who is entirely ignorant about what the future holds, though the other characters are unaware of this. In Act One, the family is celebrating the engagement of Sheila and Gerald. Sheila is presented as excitable and eager to please her family and Gerald: after she has received her ring she says, (excited) Oh its wonderful! Look Mummy isnt it a beauty? Oh darling (She kisses Gerald hastily.) She is also rather materialistic, as the stage directions, (still admiring her ring) imply, though she still shows empathy and compassion towards Eva SHEILA: (Rather distressed) Sorry! Its just that I cant help thinking about that girl destroying herself so horribly.Ã She plays up to Gerald, saying, Oh is it the one you wanted me to have? and I think this suggests that she wants to keep on everyones good side, and avoid any conflict. She behaves in the same way to her parents, meekly saying, Im sorry, Daddy. Actually I was listening.
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
19th Century Women :: Victorian Era
Purpose Statement: This paper will outline the role of women in society during the Victorian Era and present some real life examples from the Women's Diaries of the Westward Journey of 19th century women following their roles and at times having the those roles challenged by the difficulty of the trail. 19th-Century Women Women in the nineteenth century, for the most part, had to follow the common role presented to them by society. This role can be summed up by what historians call the "cult of domesticity". The McGuffey Readers does a successful job at illustrating the women's role in society. Women that took part in the overland trail as described in "Women's Diaries of the Westward Journey" had to try to follow these roles while facing many challenges that made it very difficult to do so. One of the most common expectations for women then is that they are responsible for doing the chore of cleaning whether it is cleaning the house, doing the laundry. The McGuffey Readers mentions the women's duty to clean in a multiple places. In this handbook it gives clear directions to the woman on what she is to do when cleaning, "This ceremony completed, and the house thoroughly evacuated, the next operation is to smear the wall and ceilings with brushes dipped into a solution of limeÃ⦠(Gorn 111)." The book explains how it is the women's job to thoroughly clean the house once a year in a manner that sounds very laborious! It further states, "The misfortune is, that the sole object is to make things clean (Gorn 112)." In this part of the book it is very clear that it is saying that the woman's duty is to clean. In Women's Diaries of the Westward Journey it illustrates this in a couple of passages. For example, one woman wrote in her diary, "Oh! Horrors how shall I express it; it is the dreaded washing day . . . but washing must be done and procrastination won't do it for me (Schlissel 83)." Although this woman obviously did not like doing the washing she saw it as her job to do. In addition, the book describes this scene, "The banks of a river would be lined with women who carried their kettles, their washtubs, and piles of unwashed linen (Schlissel 82)." Again, it is the women who are doing the cleaning. The McGuffey Readers being the handbook that young girls would read in school taught them that it was their place to do the cleaning.
Monday, January 13, 2020
Company Analysis: Sunrise Senior Living Essay
Sunrise Senior Living Inc. is one of the top firms in the rapidly growing long-term care industry. They provided a number of services for senior citizens including assisted living, meals, transportation, housekeeping, and licensed and highly skilled nurses for certain residents who require 24 hour care. The company was started in 1981 in Fairfax, Virginia by married couple Paul and Terry Klaassen who had a vision of creating alternative senior living options that emphasize quality of life. They have started what is now the most recognized company in the industry boasting innovative products and services for senior citizens. Ultimately after thoroughly researching the companyââ¬â¢s credentials, I decided that Sunrise Senior Living would be a favorable investment given that it is part of quickly expanding industry, it is the top firm in the industry, and expert analysts believe that it is a smart investment. Introduction and Statement of Purpose The purpose of this report is to provide a thorough analysis of Sunrise Senior Living in order to make a decision as to whether this company is worth investing in. This report will include an analysis of the companyââ¬â¢s history and public relations, the companyââ¬â¢s financial performance and trends, economic variables that affect the company, and an overview of the industry and competing firms. In order to conduct this analysis, all of the components previously mentioned have been researched in depth. All analysis and suggestions made will be supported with valid evidence from a variety of different sources. Financial analysis will include a glance at the companyââ¬â¢s balance sheets and income statements of the past few years along ith their performance in the stock market of the past few years. The basic structure of this report consists of an executive summary, a brief introduction to the report with basic information of the Sunrise Senior Living Inc. , a more sufficient overview of the company outlining the research conducted in order to draw conclusions regarding the objective of the report, a comprehensive analysis of the company under the criteria previously mentioned, my personal recommendations as to whether an individual should invest in this company, and finally, an appendix with all necessary tables, graphs, etc. hat are necessary to support my recommendations and more clearly illustrate some of the company analysis. Sunrise Senior Living Inc. is a company based in Fairfax County, Virginia that provides a number of senior living services in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Germany. Sunrise Senior Living offers independent living services which include housing, meals, transportation, housekeeping, and licensed and highly skilled nurses for certain residents who require 24 hour care. Also, these assisted living communities boast nostalgic neighborhoods that provide uniquely designed accommodations, services, and care to support residents who are cognitively impaired or face issues with memory loss, including Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease. Finally, it provides a medication management program, which includes the storage and distribution of medications as directed by the residentââ¬â¢s physician. As of December 31, 2009, Sunrise Senior Living operated 384 communities, including 335 communities in the United States, 15 communities in Canada, 27 communities in the United Kingdom, and 7 communities in Germany. The company was founded in 1981 by Paul and Terry Klaassen who had a vision of creating alternative senior living options that emphasize quality of life. (Yahoo Finance) Sunrise Senior Living Inc. is in the healthcare sector of the long term care facilities industry. The senior care industry is continually growing because of the increased life-span of the population. With the Baby Boomers entering the age of retirement, the senior citizen population is currently supplying a huge market for companies who provide these service-oriented products (Business Week). In fact, according to an article by Senior Careà Marketer, ââ¬Å"The senior care industry is booming and itââ¬â¢s just getting started as the baby boom generation cares for their aging parents and require care themselves as they transition into their own senior years. People sixty-five years and older represent the fastest-growing age group in the United States, and it is projected that the 75+ population will increase 70% by 2025. By 2030, 70 million Americans will be over the age of 65 ââ¬â thatââ¬â¢s one out of every five Americans! â⬠(Senior Care Marketer). With that said, there a number of competing firms that are seeking to reap the benefits of this growing industry. Sunrise Senior Living is currently the leading competitor in the senior care industry. However, there are number of other firms that are close behind including Brookdale Senior Living, Emeritus, Gentiva, Odyssey Healthcare, and ResCare. Overview Company History and Background As previously mentioned, Sunrise Senior Living Inc. was founded by Paul and Terry Klaassen more than 25 years ago. The idea for this now successful business originated in Holland where Paul Klaassen would visit his grandparents as a child. Paulââ¬â¢s grandparents lived in assisted living homes called verzorgingstehuizen. These assisted living homes are very similar to those offered by Sunrise today. The verzorgingstehuizen allowed its residents to be independent while simultaneously providing support or care for those who needed it. To start this company, a youthful and energetic Paul and Terry Klaassen sold their home and moved into a run-down nursing home in Northern Virginia. Paul and Terry went on to renovate this nursing home and open up their first location of Sunrise Senior Living. Paul and Terry cared for the residents themselves in their first years of business, but word quickly spread regarding their new successful business. As demand for their services increased, they opened up two more locations in the mid 1980ââ¬â¢s. Taking on a similar strategy as they did with the old nursing home, they opened up new locations by renovating older buildings and converting them into warm environments that were fit for caring for senior citizens. By 1987, Paul and Terry opened their first Victorian-style mansion which is now a nationally recognized icon for their company. (Sunrise Senior Living) As with any successful business or corporation, it all starts with a vision and mission statement which provides direction and purpose. When founding Sunrise Senior Living, Paul and Terry Klaassen wanted to ââ¬Å"champion quality of life for seniors in a home-like, resident-centered environment, unlike existing, more institutional options. â⬠Their operating philosophy originates from a deep seated certainty in the method in which they accomplish the most premium quality of care of every individual. These convictions that have served as the foundation for Sunrise Senior Livingââ¬â¢s mission statement are now also the foundation for Sunriseââ¬â¢s Principles of Service and Core Values. These set of principles and values currently direct Sunriseââ¬â¢s team members and employees at all of their locations worldwide. Sunrise Senior Livingââ¬â¢s Principles of Service include preserving dignity, nurturing the spirit, celebrating individuality, enabling freedom of choice, encouraging independence, and involving family and friends. Their core values include passion, joy in service, stewardship, respect, and trust. Each member of the Sunrise Senior Living team is encouraged to follow these principles and core values to ensure that each resident or client receives the most premium caliber service. Sunrise Senior Living) At first glance, one may question the importance of information such as mission and vision statements. However, by evaluating and analyzing a companyââ¬â¢s mission and vision statements, it becomes possible to take a deeper look into the companyââ¬â¢s culture and goals which can often be an indicator of their success and or failure in various fiel ds. Also, as an investor, it is important to possess a thorough understanding of the companyââ¬â¢s purpose and values. Although the primary concern for most investors is the return they will receive on their investment, another factor that investors consider is the companyââ¬â¢s reputation which is linked to their morals and code of ethics. For example, an investor may choose not to invest in a certain company even though it would provide large returns on his or her investment because he or she may not agree with the companyââ¬â¢s mission and vision statements. Products and Services As previously mentioned Sunrise offers a number of different services and amenities for senior citizens. These services include assisted living, Alzheimerââ¬â¢s and memory care, independent living, skilled nursing, and short term stays. Not to mention that Sunrise also offers different financial options for those residents who have trouble with payments. Under each main service offered are a number of more specific programs as well. For example, one program in particular that Sunrise is known for is their reminiscence neighborhoods, which is part of their Alzheimerââ¬â¢s and memory care treatment. These specially designed neighborhoods were created in order to allow senior citizens to re-live their glory days. To do this, members at Sunrise Senior Living begin by gaining an understanding of the seniorââ¬â¢s life stories without overlooking minute details. The reminiscence program encompasses a number of different activities that allows them to retain the spirit of their youth. It includes encouraging residents to participate in common daily practices such as gardening, sewing, office work, and household chores. Additionally, the reminiscence program offers ââ¬Å"Snoezelenâ⬠environments which are essentially forms of stimulation for the senses and are used to maintain calmness and serenity among all of the seniors. These ââ¬Å"Snoezelenâ⬠environments integrate music, aroma therapy, peaceful sounds, and visual displays for an experience that is incredibly soothing. (Sunrise Senior Living) Although Sunrise Senior Living offers a number of innovative and unique services, their customer and employee reviews are mixed to a certain degree. In order to best find out the opinions of customers and employees regarding Sunrise, I decided that it would be best to examine random personal accounts of both customers and employees. I have examined a number of different websites and blogs in which individuals share their experiences with Sunrise Senior Living. Customer and Employee Reviews Measured up is a website that offers a wide variety of customer reviews and complaints of a number of businesses worldwide. There was recently an instance that occurred on June 19, 2010 in which a Sunrise neglected to aid one of their residentââ¬â¢s who fell and broke her leg and eventually needed a hip replacement surgery. The review off the company was written by the daughter of the woman who fell. She, unfortunately for Sunrise Senior Living, had only the worst things to say about the company. After the incident, Sunrise, according to the daughter of the woman, did not offer fair compensation for the injury of her mother. She also stated that the members at Sunrise did not give any form of apology whatsoever and ââ¬Å"treated the entire affair with as cold a heart as they could muster. â⬠She even went on to say that the ââ¬Å"Sunrise Differenceâ⬠was cruelty, malice, and disdain. She also strongly advised any individual with elderly loved ones to stay away from Sunrise Senior Living because she thought they were cold and malicious. (Measured Up) As aforementioned, this incident occurred on June 19, 2010. It is especially relevant because of how recent this whole affair took place. As with any company or organization in general, it takes only one mishap to permanently tarnish a reputation. The incident with the woman falling is obviously going to be detrimental to Sunrise Senior Livingââ¬â¢s reputation. This is important because it is a tribute of customer satisfaction, even though it was only one incident. This decrease in customer satisfaction, if great enough, will be reflected in the financial performance of the company because clients will no longer demand Sunriseââ¬â¢s services as much. Employee reviews of the company are arguably equally as important as customer reviews given that ultimately, it is the employees who are running these companies. According to Glassdoor, a blog that provides insight and internal reviews of jobs and companies, Sunrise Senior Living received an average employee rating of 2. 6 out of 40 reviews, meaning that employees feel that working at Sunrise is ââ¬Å"Ok. â⬠Also, Mark S. Ordan, CEO and Director of Sunrise since March of 2008, received a 44% approval rate by employees. Although these statistics are from a relatively small sample, considering that Sunrise consists of close to 5000 employees, it is still a testament to the entire companyââ¬â¢s satisfaction in their workplace. (Glass Door Reviews) Recent News Recently, Sunrise Senior Living has done some restructuring with regards to their upper level management as well as the relationships they hold with some of their joint ventures. Namely, they have appointed Marc Richards as Chief Financial Officer, Greg Neeb as Chief Investment and Administrative Officer, and David Haddock as the General Counsel. In terms of their joint ventures, Sunrise Senior Living is currently working with Ventas, HCP, and CNL Lifestyle Properties. In order to understand the restructuring of these relationships it is necessary to possess a basic understanding of the function of each of these companies. (Sunrise Senior Living ââ¬â Investor Relations) Ventas is one of the countryââ¬â¢s primary healthcare real estate investment trusts. Their increasing portfolio contains 602 healthcare-related facilities that contain roughly 50,000 licensed beds and senior housing units which are located advantageously in 44 states in the US and two provinces in Canada. Ventas) HCP, a real estate investment trust, was established in 1985 and is a publicly traded company of the S&P 500. Their portfolio contains 673 properties in 42 states and Mexico, and mezzanine loans and other debt instruments. All of which are spread across the healthcare industry including senior housing, life science, post-acute/skilled nursing a nd hospital. (HCP) CNL Lifestyle Properties, also a real estate investment trust, is a company that invests in properties projected to produce income that focus primarily in lifestyle related industries. CNL Lifestyle Properties purchases properties and leases them on a long-term basis with the potential of long-term revenue. CNL Lifestyle Properties owns 10 ski resorts, two former Six-Flags owned and branded parks, two former non branded Six-Flags Parks, and three former Six-Flags owned water parks just to name a few. (CNL Lifestyle Properties) Sunrise Senior Living has restructured with Ventas through sale of joint venture interests which brought forth funds improving their balance sheet as well as reaching a new agreement that allows Sunrise to continue to manage senior living facilities owned by Ventas. With HCP, Sunrise has ended management contracts with 27 communities which has allowed them to reduce their debt. Finally, Sunrise has gained 40% ownership interest, from 10% in the previous year of a wholly owned subsidiary of CNL Lifestyle Properties, offering the opportunity to purchase their new partnerââ¬â¢s interest in the venture. All of these adjustments are consistent with their strategy of pursuing sole ownership of the assets they manage.
Sunday, January 5, 2020
Biblical Allusion Essay - 1788 Words
ââ¬Å"All have sinned and come short of the glory of God.â⬠(Romans 3:23) The fall of man- itââ¬â¢s a common topic all throughout the Bible. Many allusions to this familiar Biblical theme are made in the war-time novel, A Separate Peace, by American author John Knowles. In this work, Knowles relates many of his experiences as a teenage boy attending boarding school during World War Two. He uses Biblical allusions to reveal much about human nature. In Genesis 4:3-5 the Bible says, ââ¬Å"In the course of time Cain brought some of the fruits of the soil as an offering to the Lord. But Able brought fat portions from some of the firstborn of his flock. The Lord looked with favor on Abel and his offering, but on Cain and his offering he did not look withâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬Å"Now Cain said to his brother Able, ââ¬ËLetââ¬â¢s go out to the field.ââ¬â¢ And while they were in the field, Cain attacked his brother Able and killed him (Genesis 4:8)â⬠These parallel incidents reveal much about human nature. When Gene is faced with the truth that he will never measure up to Phineas, his subconscious takes hold of him and he destroys the better man because he cannot cope with Finnyââ¬â¢s unmatchable perfection. This act promulgates the truth concerning manââ¬â¢s will to survive. The fall of Adam and Eve is also quite concurrent with Geneââ¬â¢s fall in A Separate Peace. In Genesis, the Bible relates the story of Adam and Eve and their life in the garden of Eden. Eden was a beautiful place in which there was no sin or suffering and every need was met. Godââ¬â¢s only stipulation was that the pair abstain form eating the fruit of a certain tree. Yet it seems, even this was too much to ask. Genesis 3:6 says: ââ¬Å"When the woman saw the fruit of the tree was good for food and pleasing to the eye, and also desirable for gaining wisdom, she took some and ate it. She also gave some to her husband who was with her, and he also ate it.â⬠Yet, Adam and Eveââ¬â¢s sin was not without consequence. The Bible tells us that, ââ¬Å"Then the eyes of both of them were opened and they realized they were naked; So they sewed fig-leaves together and made coverings for themselves.â⬠Geneââ¬â¢s sin had comparable results. After he shook Finny from the tree, his life changesShow MoreRelatedBiblical Allusions in Lord of the Flies2536 Words à |à 11 Pagesthat stove of my own accord. And of course, it all went down from there. My inward desire to be stubborn and selfish was expressed though disobeying my parents- In the end, I got burned. Similarly, in Sir William Goldingââ¬â¢s Lord of the Flies, biblical allusions are used to give additional meaning and depth to the book and to show the ways in which humans transfer their inner evil into outward behavior. Evil doesnââ¬â¢t begin from the outside world; instead it begins in the core of human beings. TheRead MoreBiblical Allusion During The Romantic Age1453 Words à |à 6 Pages Biblical allusion during the Romantic Age was not uncommon. Because Biblical images and references were in the minds of most Romantic readers, a poet would often use this strategy to contextualize an assertion being made. Wordsworth is no different. However, the level to which he uses this technique within his poetry fluctuates. The Ruined Cottage only contains two obvious examples, while Michael is rich with Biblical imagery and allusion. Because of this difference, the Biblical allusion withinRead MoreEssay on Biblical Allusions in Lord of the Flies727 Words à |à 3 PagesBiblical Allusions in Lord of the Flies In the story, Lord of the Flies, there are many biblical allusions; Simon represents Jesus, the pigââ¬â¢s head represents Satan or rather their satanic sides, Jack represents Judas, and the island represents the Garden of Eden. Through out this novel these allusions play large parts in the story and ideals place in the story. Simon, one of the major characters in the story, is set as the allusion of Jesus. Christ always had an affinity with children; inRead MoreBiblical Allusions: Goldingà ´s Lord of the Flies884 Words à |à 4 PagesIn many classic novels, authors use biblical allusions to highlight a certain character or situation. By using biblical allusions, authors can help the reader better understand what it is that they want to convey through their literary work. In William Goldingââ¬â¢s Lord of the Flies, Golding utilizes symbolism of places and characters to allude to the Bible. Out of the many references, four significant biblical allusions ââ¬â title of the novel, Simon, beast, and the island itself ââ¬â emphasize Goldingââ¬â¢sRead MoreBiblical Allusions to The Grapes of Wrath Essay example1457 Words à |à 6 PagesBiblical Allusions to The Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck was born in Salinas, California, on February 27, 1902. He studied marine biology at Stanford University and then traveled east on a freighter through the Panama Canal. Steinbeck went to New York to work as a newspaper reporter but soon returned to California and held a variety of jobs while he wrote. Steinbeck published Tortilla Flat in 1935, Of Mice and Men in 1937, and The Red Pony in 1937, which established his reputation as a forcefulRead MoreBiblical Allusion In The Poisonwood Bible908 Words à |à 4 Pages Biblical Allusion In The Poisonwood Bible In The Poisonwood Bible, written by Barbara Kingsolver, the aspect of biblical allusion is clearly present throughout the majority of the novel. For example, one of the most conspicuous allusions to the Bible is the way that Kingsolver has purposely named some of the main characters in her book after different people and images in the Bible. Kingsolver uses this biblical allusion to develop important themes, events, and characters in her novel. KingsolverRead MoreBiblical Allusions in The Magicians Nephew952 Words à |à 4 Pagesallegories teaching integrity, self-control and wisdom and is mostly composed of biblical allusions. A biblical allusion is to use a reference from the bible to communicate a hidden meaning. You could compare your best friend to Jonathan, King Davidââ¬â¢s loyal friend in the books of Samuel. You could also illustrate faith through the strength of the disciples as they remained faithful even in persecution. Many biblical allusions can be found here in ââ¬Å"The Magicianââ¬â¢s Nephewâ⬠. The problems of the main charactersRead MoreBiblical Allusions In The Grapes Of Wrath1796 Words à |à 8 Pagestakes part in the novel as one whole allusion. The anecdote of the struggle for survival in the fallen state of Oklahoma and in the ââ¬Å"promised landâ⬠of California, reveals the same ideas shown as we explore in the bible. In The Grapes of Wrath, author John Steinbeck integrates the allegory of biblical references and values to create the image of a familyââ¬â¢s journey to California during the Dust Bowl of the early 1900s. Initially, we examine the use of biblical allegories through the metaphor of CaliforniaRead MoreBiblical Allusions In The Grapes Of Wrath1717 Words à |à 7 Pagesbible takes part in the novel as one whole allusion. The story of struggle for survival in the fallen state of Oklahoma and in the ââ¬Å"promised landâ⬠of California, reveals the same ideas shown as we explore in the bible. In The Grapes of Wrath, author John Steinbeck integrates the allegory of biblical references and values to create the image of a familyââ¬â¢s journey to California during the Dust Bowl of the early 1900s. Initially, we see the use of biblical allegories through the metaphor of CaliforniaRead MoreBiblical Allusions In The Grapes Of Wrath1633 Words à |à 7 Pagespieces is religion. The religious aspects of his stories are primarily shown through subtle connections to Biblical characters along with other hints. The most prominent piece of literature that displays religious connections is his novel The Grapes of Wrath. For the duration of the story, religion helps sustain the characters of the novel from difficult times. His novel contains numerous Biblical references that are conveyed through the characters of the Joad family along with Jim Casy; Steinbeck wants
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